House electrical wiring What is  can I protect my electricity.is a process of connecting different accessories for home  distribution ofelectrical energy from the supplier to various appliances and equipment at home like television, lamps,air conditioners, fans,and other devices etc .

Protection of house wiring:

House electrical wiring.In the of over load and short circuit, heavy current flows throuht wiring circuits which heats up and damage the cables and evencan lead tofire.In the case of earth fault,heavy currents flows the towards ground, which can also damage the electrical wiring. In the case of earth fault, one can also get electric shock if make contact with such a faulty apparatus .
If no protective device/system is provided in the wiring, then dangerous situation could arise.In the order to ensure complete safety of installation, bullding and persons using electrical apparatus ,every cicuit in an installation must be provided with some form  of protective devices. (It is also the requriement of I.E.E regulation A-10).

Fuse and Circuit Breakers:

What is how can I protect my electricityis.Fuse and circuit Breakers are the guards of whole the installation which protect the installation from short circuit and overload faults .A building and its installation have no vaule without protective devices.

List of Proctective Systems:

Following protective systems are used for the protection of electrical installations and persons who are using the electrical accessories.
  1. Fuse(Rewire-able ,Cartridge and HBC type )
  2. Miniatureb Circuit  Breaker (MCB)
  3. Earth leakage circuit beraker :(current and voltage operated type )
  4. Moulded case circuit breaker(MCCBs)
  5. Earthing systems.

#1: Fuse

A fuse is a piece of thin copper or thin alloy wire which melts when more than rated current passes through this wire. a fuse is always connected in series of the circuit to which is protecting.

Rewire-able :

Rewire-able or kit-kat fuse is a cheaper of fuse. It is a low voltage fuse,which is used in small applications like wiring in the house ,small-scale  industries, and other small current applications.

Application:

Mainly used  in the domestic building but now gradually being replaced by other protective devices. These are used for coarse excess current protection.

Current Rating:

Size of fuse element composed of plain or tinned copper wire for use in simi-enclosed fuses.Such as'5A to 200A etc .

Advantages of Rewire-able Fuse:

  1. It is a ceapest type of protection.
  2. It requried no maintenace.
  3. The minimun type of operation can be made much smaller than the CB.
  4. It has current limiting effect .
  5. We can easily be changed in short time without any special skill requriements.

Disadvantages of Rewire-able Fuse:

  1. Rating is unreliable.
  2. Selection and grading of fuse wire is difficult.
  3. Do not offer good short circuit protection.
  4. Time is wasted in the replacement of fuse wire.
  5. Fuse wire oxidized after some time and melts on less than the rated current .

#2:Circuit Breakers 

House electrical wiring.Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) are electromechanical devices which are used to protect an electrical circuit from an over current which could be a due to short circuit or overload. Unlike a Fuse ,MCB does not have to ba replaced every time affter a fault occurs and it can be reused.Miniature circuit breaker have a excellent operating system .The tripping action may be either thermal or magnectic .In gerenal ,both action are used in this type of circuit breaker . Against constant over current, thermal element trip the breaker with some time lag effect ,while high speed protection against short circuit is given by magnetic element .It can be used as a switch to make or breake the current manually. Every circuit breaker has specific ampere, volage ,and interrupting rating .Itmay be single ,two or three pole type.

construction:

A miniture circuit breaker consists of following parts.
i. Operating handle (dolly).
ii. Trip catch.
iii. Arc control system.
iv. Fixed main contact 
v. Thermal bimetal strip, work in case of over load.

Applications:

Used in domestic , commericial and industriacl buildings for the protection of electrical appliances , lighting circuits, motor circuits and relay/contactor coils.

#3:Earth leakage circuit beraker

Voltage oerated earth leakage device. It is an old type  of earth breaker and was designed to give protection aganist eletric short .

Voltage Operated ELCB:

It is an old earth leakage device and now seldom used. This device was designed to give protection against electric shock which can arise due to high impendance of earth fault loop. IEE regulation D25 states that a voltage operated ELCB should be fitted where fault  impedance is greater than (40 ohm).



#4: Earthing 

Effective connection of electrical system or electrical equipment to general mass of earth is called earthing .(Grounding in USA).The potential of earth is zero for all practical purposes.
Rules about wiring and earthingHouse electrical wiring.

Following electricity rules are ralated to wiring are as follow.
1. Protection aganist leakage before connection.
2. Declared pressure of supply to consumers.
3. Declared frequency of supply to consumers.
4. Limits of errors in meter.
5. Cut-out on consumer's premises.